• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Procedure for obtaining hardened polystyrene of different granulometries, from balls and expanded polystyrene fines previously obtained to the desired granulometry by recycling waste products in patented mechanical mill ES2526724-B1, by creating an aqueous suspension of granules of expanded polystyrene with a mixture of water, ethyl acetate, propylene glycol oil and acetone, which is kept at rest in a pressure vessel for the time necessary to reduce the air content of the micrograins and increase their density to the desired level, and subsequent separation and drying of the resulting hardened polystyrene granulate. This product is intended to be used as an aggregate in lightweight construction pastes, mortars and concretes, replacing untreated expanded polystyrene, which increases the strength of materials and structures. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2698222A1
    申请号:ES201700687
    申请日:2017-08-01
    公开日:2019-02-01
    发明作者:Sanchez Diego Lopez
    申请人:Revestimientos Endurpol S L；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001]
    [0002] Procedure for obtaining hardened polystyrene as an aggregate for construction.
    [0003] The object of the present invention is a process for obtaining hardened polystyrene of different granulometries, from balls and expanded polystyrene fines recycled by the mechanical mill of Spanish patent ES2526724-B1, as well as the use of granulates and fines obtained as aggregates for the production of pulps, mortars and lightweight construction concretes.
    [0004]
    [0005] The procedure basically consists of creating an aqueous suspension of expanded polystyrene granules with a mixture of organic solvents prepared for this purpose, which is kept at rest in a pressure vessel for the time necessary to reduce the air content of the micrograms and that these increase their density to the desired level, and subsequent separation and drying of the resulting hardened polystyrene granulate.
    [0006]
    [0007] A bulk product of hardened expanded polystyrene beads and fines is thus obtained to be used as an aggregate component of said construction materials, which retains all the good properties of expanded polystyrene as an advantageous alternative to ceramic aggregates, of lightweight, insulating material , fireproof and economical, gives greater resistance to lightweight concrete and other building structures based on lightened mortars, in addition to giving greater use to the recycling mill of waste and expanded polystyrene waste, which is known to be a problem growing because of its difficult elimination.
    [0008]
    [0009] Technical field
    [0010]
    [0011] The technical field in which the invention is framed is that of the processing by physical-chemical means of expanded polystyrene for different uses, in particular, as an aggregate or additive of light construction materials.
    [0012]
    [0013] State of the art
    [0014]
    [0015] Expanded polystyrene (EPS) is a foamed plastic material with a closed cell structure and filled with air, derived from polystyrene compounds in the form of pearlites containing pentane or another expanding agent, according to a process carried out in suitable molding machines in the that said pearls confined in mass and subjected to heat so that they expand and the product, once cooled, acquires the predetermined form.
    [0016]
    [0017] Among the good properties of expanded polystyrene stand out, in addition to its non-degradability, being an ecological material, free of CFCs and HCFCs, lightweight, due to its lower density, resistant to humidity and with capacity to absorb impacts, which makes it widely used in the construction sector, mainly in the form of panels as thermal insulation in buildings and civil works, but also, conveniently crushed in the form of pearls, as a lightening product of concretes, mortars and pastes, in partial substitution of the usual aggregates of the mixtures.
    [0018]
    [0019] In fact, the use of finely grained expanded polystyrene as a raw material in the production of lightweight concrete is increasingly common, once it was demonstrated by different tests that the blocks made with the addition of EPS particles meet the requirements established by the different normative
    [0020]
    [0021] In the lightweight concrete, expanded polystyrene beads are used advantageously, partially replacing the coarse aggregate, and totally the fine aggregate, already that its soft structure makes it a much lighter material than the usual ceramic aggregates, such as arlite, as well as not absorbing water, having no impurities and not reacting with cement, instead presenting a good adherence to it, which translates into products of lower density, and therefore, of less weight, with the same or improved properties of thermal insulation, acoustic insulation and fire resistance of this type of concrete, whose mechanical properties are directly related to the distribution and EPS content.
    [0022]
    [0023] However, sometimes the improvement of these characteristics of lightweight concrete and other construction products lightened with EPS aggregates can lead to a reduction in the mechanical strength of the materials or their surface hardness against certain stresses of the building structures, what becomes a problem that causes that this type of additives be discarded.
    [0024]
    [0025] The solution proposed with the present invention to this problem, in order that the expanded polystyrene granulates can continue to be used as components of lightweight concrete and mortars in situations where a certain mechanical strength is necessary, is to improve the relationship between weight and resistant capacity of the granulates through a hardening of the material, achieved through a process in which the air content of the granules is reduced, and therefore, its density is increased, taking advantage of the poor resistance offered by expanded polystyrene in front of the organic solvents.
    [0026]
    [0027] To this end, the balls and EPS fines of different granulometries obtained with the mechanical mill for the recycling of waste pieces of this material object of the Spanish patent are used with publication number ES2526724-B1, which reduces the pieces of raw material to different sizes of ground, in the form of balls and micrograms of suitable morphology to be suspended with an aqueous mixture of organic preselected solvents, which under pressure conditions, act uniformly throughout its surface, producing the hardening of the material, which once separated from the liquid and drying is ready for use, as explained below in more detail.
    [0028]
    [0029] Currently, a process for hardening perlites and micrograms of expanded polystyrene of this type is not known in the state of the art, so it is claimed of own invention.
    [0030]
    [0031] Compendium of the invention
    [0032]
    [0033] The process for obtaining hardened polystyrene of different granulometries, from balls and expanded polystyrene fines previously obtained to the desired granulometries in a mechanical mill by grinding and grinding waste products of said material, starts with the preparation of the mixture. Aqueous organic solvent that will be used as hardener liquid.
    [0034]
    [0035] It is a homogeneous mixture, obtained by mechanical agitation, of water with ethyl acetate, which is a liquid miscible with alcohols with high solvent capacity, propylene glycol, which is a diol that appears as a clear oily liquid, hygroscopic and miscible with water , and acetone, used as solvent for these two substances, in concentrations by weight of its components ranging between 88-92% water, 4-5% ethyl acetate, 0.8-1% propylene glycol oil, and 4-5% acetone.
    [0036]
    [0037] With this prepared aqueous mixture the process comprises the following three operations: (1) Addition of a sufficient quantity of expanded polystyrene milled in pellets or grains confined in a container with pressure valve, of a sufficient volume of aqueous mixture to obtain an aqueous suspension of polystyrene granules;
    [0038]
    [0039] (2) Airtight closure of the container and maintenance of the aqueous suspension under pressure, for a minimum time of 10 minutes per liter of added mixture, which is the estimated time for the polystyrene to begin to release the air and harden, expanding this space air release time as a function of the polystyrene density required, according to an inversely proportional time / density ratio of micrograms of polystyrene.
    [0040]
    [0041] (3) Separation of the liquid phase from the suspension by filtration, liquid that can be reused as a homogeneous mixture in step (1), and drying of the resulting hardened polystyrene granulated product.
    [0042]
    [0043] This hardened polystyrene thus obtained finds application of use according to the preselected grain size, as an aggregate for the production of lightweight concretes, mortars and lightweight pastes for construction, in total or partial replacement of the aggregates used in the mixtures.
    [0044]
    [0045] Realization
    [0046]
    [0047] As a preferred embodiment of the product, the use of an aqueous mixture of organic solvents composed of 10 I of water, 500 ml of ethyl acetate, 100 ml of propylene glycol oil, and 500 ml of acetone, which is added over an amount, is proposed. around 5 kg of granulated EPS, resulting from the aforementioned operation of grinding waste and waste products, confined in a pressure vessel such as a large cooking pot, to form an aqueous suspension of the granulated material, which is maintained in rest with the container hermetically closed for a time of about an hour and a half, after which it proceeds to the separation by filtration of the solid of the liquid solvent, with subsequent drying of the product.
    [0048]
    [0049] The ideal use of this product is as an aggregate in the production of lightweight concrete, replacing the EPS pearls currently used in the mixtures, to increase the strength of the structures while maintaining their light qualities compared to the silica and ceramic aggregates. For this it is no longer necessary in the production of these concretes to place the previously wetted polystyrene in the mechanical mixing process to increase its weight, but to place the hardened polystyrene as it has been obtained, and then add the fine one that is going to Adhere to the surface of the polystyrene beads, and after mixing this, place the cement and add the mixing water in the exact dosage. The material obtained forms a consistent mass, which is placed on the site by vibration or manual tamping.
    权利要求:
    Claims (3)
    [1]
    (1) addition over a certain quantity of expanded polystyrene ground in pellets or fines confined in a container with pressure valve, of a homogeneous mixture of water with ethyl acetate, propylene glycol oil and acetone, obtained by mechanical agitation, until obtaining of an aqueous suspension of polystyrene granules;
    (2) sealing the container and maintaining the aqueous suspension under pressure, for a minimum time of 10 minutes per liter of added mixture, depending on the density of polystyrene required, according to an inversely proportional time / density ratio of micrograms of polystyrene ;
    (3) separation of the liquid phase from the suspension by filtration, which can be reused as a homogeneous mixture in step (1), and drying of the resulting hardened polystyrene granulated product.
    [2]
    2. Process for obtaining hardened polystyrene granules of different granulometries, according to claim 1, characterized in that the water-based mixture used has the following weight concentrations of its components: 88-92% water, 4-5% acetate of ethyl, 4-5% of acetone and 0.8-1% of propylene glycol oil.
    [3]
    3. Use of hardened polystyrene granules of different granulometries, obtained by the process of claims 1 and 2, as an aggregate for light concretes, mortars and lightweight pastes for construction, in total or partial replacement of the aggregates used in the mixtures.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2698222B2|2019-06-27|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    DE4202431A1|1992-01-29|1993-08-05|Heidelberger Zement Ag|LIGHTWEIGHT AGENT WITH A HARDENED SURFACE FOR PLASTER, CONCRETE, MINERAL OR PLASTIC BONDED INSULATION PANELS AND INSULATION MATERIAL FOR PROTECTION|
    US5630945A|1994-08-24|1997-05-20|Nitto Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.|Method for recovering uncrosslinked synthetic resin waste|
    EP1275686A1|2000-03-15|2003-01-15|Kagoshimaken|Process for producing reclaimed expandable polystyrene resin particle|
    WO2002038660A1|2000-11-07|2002-05-16|E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company|Method for collapsing and recycling foamed polystyrene|
    WO2004044042A1|2002-11-12|2004-05-27|Masao Umemoto|Waste collecting method, waste collecting apparatus, volume reducing or softening solution, waste collecting system, waste recycling method, and classified waste collecting method|
    法律状态:
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    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201700687A|ES2698222B2|2017-08-01|2017-08-01|Procedure for obtaining hardened polystyrene as an aggregate for construction|ES201700687A| ES2698222B2|2017-08-01|2017-08-01|Procedure for obtaining hardened polystyrene as an aggregate for construction|
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